Chemikalien Intoleranz

Illness from low levels of environmental chemicals: relevance to chronic fatigue
syndrome and fibromyalgia.

Bell IR, Baldwin CM, Schwartz GE

Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Tucson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 85723, USA.

This article summarizes (1) epidemiologic and clinical data on the symptoms of maladies in association with low-level chemicals in the
environment, i.e., environmental chemical intolerance (CI), as it may relate to chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and fibromyalgia; and (2) the
olfactory-limbic neural sensitization model for CI, a neurobehavioral synthesis of basic and clinical research. Severe CI is a characteristic of
20-47% of individuals with apparent CFS and/or fibromyalgia, all patients with multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), and approximately 4-6% of
the general population. In the general population, 15-30% report at least minor problems with CI. The levels of chemicals reported to trigger CI
would normally be considered nontoxic or subtoxic. However, host factors--e.g., individual differences in susceptibility to neurohormonal
sensitization (amplification) of endogenous responses--may contribute to generating a disabling intensity to the resultant multisystem
dysfunctions in CI. One site for this amplification may be the limbic system of the brain, which receives input from the olfactory pathways and
sends efferents to the hypothalamus and the mesolimbic dopaminergic [reward] pathway. Chemical, biologic, and psychological stimuli can
initiate and elicit sensitization. In turn, subsequent activation of the sensitized limbic and mesolimbic pathways can then facilitate dysregulation
of behavioral, autonomic, endocrine, and immune system functions. Research to date has demonstrated the initiation of neurobehavioral
sensitization by volatile organic compounds and pesticides in animals, as well as sensitizability of cardiovascular parameters, beta-endorphin
levels, resting EEG alpha-wave activity, and divided-attention task performance in persons with CI. The ability of multiple types of widely
divergent stimuli to initiate and elicit sensitization offers a new perspective on the search for mechanisms of illness in CFS and fibromyalgia with
CI.

Quelle: Bundesweite Selbsthilfegrupe für Patienten mit MCS-/CFS-Syndrom e.V., Bayreuth

MCS -
Multiple-Chemical-Sensitivity
(Chemikalienunverträglichkeit)

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